The steppe mammoth (Mammuthus trogontherii, sometimes Mammuthus armeniacus) is an extinct species of mammoth that ranged over most of northern Eurasia during the Early and Middle Pleistocene, approximately 1.8 million-200,000 years ago. It evolved in East Asia during the Early Pleistocene, around 1.8 million years ago, before migrating into North America around 1.5 million years ago, and into Europe during the Early/Middle Pleistocene transition, around 1 to 0.7 million years ago. It was the ancestor of the woolly mammoth and Columbian mammoth of the later Pleistocene. Populations of steppe mammoth may have persisted in northern China and Mongolia as late as 33,000 years ago.
There was historically confusion about the correct scientific name for the steppe mammoth, either Mammuthus armeniacus (Falconer 1857) or Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig 1885). Falconer used material from Asian sources while Pohlig worked with fossil remains from Europe and both names appear in scientific publications, adding to the confusion. A first taxonomical overhaul was done by Maglio (1973) who decided that both names were synonyms, armeniacus being the older, hence the preferred name.
However, in Shoshani & Tassy (1996) it was decided that the description of Pohlig prevailed, and consequently the correct name for the steppe mammoth is M. trogontherii.
It is unclear whether both forms are indeed identical and authors tend to use the name M. trogontherii for European material and M. armeniacus for Asian remains.
Several Japanese mammoth varieties from the early Pleistocene have been named, but all are now thought to be synonyms of M. trogontherii.
DNA has been sequenced from two Siberian mammoth molars (which judging by morphology belong to the steppe mammoth); at over a million years old, this is the oldest ancient DNA ever recovered. The two genomes recovered belong to separate and distinct lineages: one is ancestral to the woolly mammoth, the other is a previously-unknown lineage. The latter lineage hybridized with woolly mammoths at least 420,000 years ago, giving rise to the Columbian mammoth.
With individuals not uncommonly reaching 4 m (13.1 ft) tall at the shoulders, M. trogontherii was considerably larger than modern elephants.
A skeleton mounted on the Azov Museum reaches 4.5 m (14.8 ft) at the shoulder, though this figure might be overestimated because the vertebrae have been placed between the tips of the shoulder blades.
A largely complete specimen (Zhalainuoer III) from Inner Mongolia, China, was estimated to have had a shoulder height of around 3.69 m (12.1 ft) measured at the top of the scapula, which represents a flesh shoulder height of 3.89 m (12.8 ft), with a body mass estimated via volumetric analysis at 10.4 tonnes.
Another individual represented by a single giant humerus 1.46 m (4.8 ft) long and an associated pelvis found in Mosbach Sande, Germany, is estimated to have had a shoulder height of 4.5 metres (14.8 ft) and a weight of 14.3 tonnes (14.1 long tons; 15.8 short tons) via regression analysis.
The skull was high-domed and short, and bore twisted tusks. The lower jaw was short and deep.[8] The number of lamellae on the third molars is around 18-22, noticeably lower than the number typically present in M. primigenius (though some European specimens of M. primigenius have counts which overlap with those of M. trogontherii).
The body has around 19 thoracic vertebrae and 5 or 6 sacral vertebrae, with the first few thoracic vertebrae having long neural spines.
Sequenced genomes suggests that Early Pleistocene M. trogontherii specimens from Siberia, around 1 million years old, had already developed many of the genetic changes thought to be responsible for traits that were adaptations for living in cold environments characteristic of woolly mammoths.
Due to the cold climates it inhabited and short tail, Mammuthus trogontherii is suggested to have borne a coat of fur, which was probably somewhat thinner than that of the woolly mammoth.
In the game, it is twice the size of a mammoth, and usually moves in groups of three, but on rare occasions, it acts alone.
However, it is much more powerful than a mammoth, allowing the Reaper to deal massive damage without charging light, inflict bleeding effects, and can run at blazing speeds like a Spinosaurus.
It has the same personality as Therizinosaurus, and if a player or a carnivore approaches it will be hostile without question, and will attack while giving the opponent a debuff of fear with howling.
Especially if you are acting in a pack, they will attack all at once, so they will be very dangerous elephants for players.
Taming
It will become hostile just by approaching it, but the player will help the trogontherii fight against hostile creatures such as Tyrannosaurus, and will temporarily trust the player by giving lemons after the battle is over. will only follow the player.
From there, fight large hostile creatures such as Tyrannosaurus and Spinosaurus, and after fighting, give lemons to increase the taming gauge.
Of course, this will be repeated, but if the player accidentally attacks, the taming gauge will reset and they will become hostile to the player.
Of course, if either the trogontherii or the player dies, it's pointless, so you have to fight each other to keep them from dying.
However, if you try to fight with a tamed creature, the trogontherii will attack the tamed creature first, so only the player will be tamed.
After taming
It can be ridden with a dedicated saddle, and all stats such as attack power, defense power, speed, and physical strength are all set high by itself, and it is possible to fight Tyrannosaurus just like wild, and Reaper It can inflict a bleeding effect while dealing massive damage without a charge light, and can run at a tremendous speed like a Spinosaurus.
It also has a very high harvesting rate, allowing you to collect a large amount of mushrooms, berries, etc., and all items such as Straw, Fungal Wood or Wood, Stone, Metal, etc. can be weight cut by 95%.
And it will be possible to restrain and catch medium-sized creatures such as raptors with long snouts.
By the way, this creature can also be brought to the boss battle.
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The steppe mammoth (Mammuthus trogontherii, sometimes Mammuthus armeniacus) is an extinct species of mammoth that ranged over most of northern Eurasia during the Early and Middle Pleistocene, approximately 1.8 million-200,000 years ago. It evolved in East Asia during the Early Pleistocene, around 1.8 million years ago, before migrating into North America around 1.5 million years ago, and into Europe during the Early/Middle Pleistocene transition, around 1 to 0.7 million years ago. It was the ancestor of the woolly mammoth and Columbian mammoth of the later Pleistocene. Populations of steppe mammoth may have persisted in northern China and Mongolia as late as 33,000 years ago.
There was historically confusion about the correct scientific name for the steppe mammoth, either Mammuthus armeniacus (Falconer 1857) or Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig 1885). Falconer used material from Asian sources while Pohlig worked with fossil remains from Europe and both names appear in scientific publications, adding to the confusion. A first taxonomical overhaul was done by Maglio (1973) who decided that both names were synonyms, armeniacus being the older, hence the preferred name.
However, in Shoshani & Tassy (1996) it was decided that the description of Pohlig prevailed, and consequently the correct name for the steppe mammoth is M. trogontherii.
It is unclear whether both forms are indeed identical and authors tend to use the name M. trogontherii for European material and M. armeniacus for Asian remains.
Several Japanese mammoth varieties from the early Pleistocene have been named, but all are now thought to be synonyms of M. trogontherii.
DNA has been sequenced from two Siberian mammoth molars (which judging by morphology belong to the steppe mammoth); at over a million years old, this is the oldest ancient DNA ever recovered. The two genomes recovered belong to separate and distinct lineages: one is ancestral to the woolly mammoth, the other is a previously-unknown lineage. The latter lineage hybridized with woolly mammoths at least 420,000 years ago, giving rise to the Columbian mammoth.
With individuals not uncommonly reaching 4 m (13.1 ft) tall at the shoulders, M. trogontherii was considerably larger than modern elephants.
A skeleton mounted on the Azov Museum reaches 4.5 m (14.8 ft) at the shoulder, though this figure might be overestimated because the vertebrae have been placed between the tips of the shoulder blades.
A largely complete specimen (Zhalainuoer III) from Inner Mongolia, China, was estimated to have had a shoulder height of around 3.69 m (12.1 ft) measured at the top of the scapula, which represents a flesh shoulder height of 3.89 m (12.8 ft), with a body mass estimated via volumetric analysis at 10.4 tonnes.
Another individual represented by a single giant humerus 1.46 m (4.8 ft) long and an associated pelvis found in Mosbach Sande, Germany, is estimated to have had a shoulder height of 4.5 metres (14.8 ft) and a weight of 14.3 tonnes (14.1 long tons; 15.8 short tons) via regression analysis.
The skull was high-domed and short, and bore twisted tusks. The lower jaw was short and deep.[8] The number of lamellae on the third molars is around 18-22, noticeably lower than the number typically present in M. primigenius (though some European specimens of M. primigenius have counts which overlap with those of M. trogontherii).
The body has around 19 thoracic vertebrae and 5 or 6 sacral vertebrae, with the first few thoracic vertebrae having long neural spines.
Sequenced genomes suggests that Early Pleistocene M. trogontherii specimens from Siberia, around 1 million years old, had already developed many of the genetic changes thought to be responsible for traits that were adaptations for living in cold environments characteristic of woolly mammoths.
Due to the cold climates it inhabited and short tail, Mammuthus trogontherii is suggested to have borne a coat of fur, which was probably somewhat thinner than that of the woolly mammoth.
In the game, it is twice the size of a mammoth, and usually moves in groups of three, but on rare occasions, it acts alone.
However, it is much more powerful than a mammoth, allowing the Reaper to deal massive damage without charging light, inflict bleeding effects, and can run at blazing speeds like a Spinosaurus.
It has the same personality as Therizinosaurus, and if a player or a carnivore approaches it will be hostile without question, and will attack while giving the opponent a debuff of fear with howling.
Especially if you are acting in a pack, they will attack all at once, so they will be very dangerous elephants for players.
Taming
It will become hostile just by approaching it, but the player will help the trogontherii fight against hostile creatures such as Tyrannosaurus, and will temporarily trust the player by giving lemons after the battle is over. will only follow the player.
From there, fight large hostile creatures such as Tyrannosaurus and Spinosaurus, and after fighting, give lemons to increase the taming gauge.
Of course, this will be repeated, but if the player accidentally attacks, the taming gauge will reset and they will become hostile to the player.
Of course, if either the trogontherii or the player dies, it's pointless, so you have to fight each other to keep them from dying.
However, if you try to fight with a tamed creature, the trogontherii will attack the tamed creature first, so only the player will be tamed.
After taming
It can be ridden with a dedicated saddle, and all stats such as attack power, defense power, speed, and physical strength are all set high by itself, and it is possible to fight Tyrannosaurus just like wild, and Reaper It can inflict a bleeding effect while dealing massive damage without a charge light, and can run at a tremendous speed like a Spinosaurus.
It also has a very high harvesting rate, allowing you to collect a large amount of mushrooms, berries, etc., and all items such as Straw, Fungal Wood or Wood, Stone, Metal, etc. can be weight cut by 95%.
And it will be possible to restrain and catch medium-sized creatures such as raptors with long snouts.
By the way, this creature can also be brought to the boss battle.
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